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1.Properties

Citric acid is divided into two kinds: anhydrous and monohydrate. Translucent crystals or white fine powder crystals. Odorless, with strong acidic taste. Dried or heated to 40 ~ 50 ° C to become anhydrous, anhydrous material in the dry air is easy to weather, slightly deliquescent. 75 ° C to become soft. 100 ° C to melt. Relative density 1.542(-hydrate) and 1.67(anhydrous). Freely soluble in water (209g]lOOmL monohydrate, 25℃; anhydrous 59. 2g/lOOmL, 20℃; pH of 1% solution is 2.31) and ethanol, soluble in ether. The natural product is found in citrus fruits such as lemons. Powder and air can form explosive mixtures. There is a danger of combustion and explosion when exposed to open flame, high heat or in contact with oxidizing agents.

2.Preparation method

It is made from granulated sugar, molasses, starch, starch residue or glucose by fermentation, separation and purification.

3.Uses

Citric acid has strong chelating effect, it can complex Fe3+, weakening the corrosion promotion effect of Fe3+. It can remove metal oxide scale such as iron, copper, etc. It is easy and safe to operate and suitable for a variety of materials. As the molecule does not contain c1- so it will not cause stress corrosion of equipment, used as a cleaning agent, citric acid than hydrochloric acid on the steel corrosion rate is small. Citric acid is mainly used to remove rust, calcium, magnesium, silicon scale solubility is poor, so it is mainly used to clean the newly built large-scale devices. Citric acid can not remove calcium and magnesium scale and silicate scale, however, citric acid and sulfamic acid, hydroxyacetic acid or formic acid mixed use, can be used to clean rust and calcium and magnesium scale citric acid mixed with EDTA, can be used to clean the heat exchanger. The corrosion inhibitor added to the citric acid cleaning solution is mainly thiourea in the amount of 0. 1%, or 0.06% of thiourea can be mixed with other corrosion inhibitors. In addition, it can also be used in the field of medicine, the sodium salt of citric acid can prevent blood clotting, the calcium salt can be used as the antacid of the stomach, and the barium salt is poisonous.

4.Safety

LD50 for intraperitoneal injection in mice and rats: 5. Ommol/kg, 4.6mmol/kg. concentrated solution of citric acid is irritating to mucous membranes. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat sources. Keep container sealed. Should be stored separately from oxidizing agents.

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